What field studies meaning as expressed by signs and symbols?

• A. Hermeneutics
• B. Semiotics
• C. Aesthetics
• D. Iconography

Answer: (B)

Semiotics is the study of meaning expressed through signs and symbols. It asks how signs—anything that stands for something else, like words, images, gestures, or colors—create meaning within a shared system of conventions. It looks at how the relationship between the form of a sign (signifier) and the concept it represents (signified) works, and how cultural codes shape interpretation. In visual arts, semiotics helps explain how a color, a gesture, or a symbol can convey ideas such as power, danger, or ritual beyond its literal look. Hermeneutics is broader interpretation of texts, aesthetics focuses on beauty and experience, and iconography is about identifying specific symbols within images; semiotics covers the wider study of how signs generate meaning in a culture.